Need ideas to correct printing issues I'm currently seeing

Your Printer Test seems for me to be too hot printed (Or to less cooled) .- I check my filament print temps with temp tower:
thingiverse is busy now, or my browser is lazy, here is my gcode:
Temp_Tower_0,4Nozzle_190-225GradC_30mm-s.gcode (1.3 MB)

At the snapmaker original i “couldn´t” cool the print area, you should do some experimenting, especially at tiny print-parts.

your testprint “ring” says to me, you are trying to print too much walls.- in simplify3d there is an option which is called “allow gaps to be filled”.- if in cura there is no such option you could try it with more extrusion or less walls, maybe more infill.

Thanks for the flowers! You are welcome!