I initially found mine to off by over 20% using PETG filament, and it was extremely inconsistent. First run through, I had 17mm or so under extrusion. I recalculated and set the M92 E value but now I was 8mm under. I recalculated again and re-set, but now was 5mm under. When I turned the hotend temperature from 220 degrees up to 240 degrees, it seemed to settle on the last value. Ran a print, and appeared to be getting some over extrusion. The print went fairly well, but got a blob that broke about 10 layers resulting in an air print.
Today I thought Iād have another go and change tack a little. I removed the hotend (leave it plugged in electrically, just pull the hotend out of the printhead) and re-ran the calibration. Result was 9.8% I set the M92 E value to 235.26 can now run it back and forward and it always settles in the same spot.
To do this, I opened the filament change door (for want of a better name) and loosened the 1.5mm grubscrew that holds the hotend in place, then slid the hotend out, fed some filament through and closed the door. To get the extruder to work without heating the hotend I used M302. The sequence of commands looked like this:
M302 S0 ;set cold extrusion prevention temperature to 0 degrees C
G91 ;Use relative movements
G1 E100 F300 ;(after marking the filament) extrude 100mm at 300mm/min
M92 E235.26 ;Set the extrude multiplier to the new value
G1 E-100 F300 ;Pull the filament back (mark it at 100mm again, there are now 2 marks)
G1 E100 F300 ;Check that extrusion is now correct
M302 S165 ;Set the cold extrusion prevention temperature back to something sensible
M500 ;Save settings
G1 E100 F300 ;Check that cold extrusion works again (filament shouldnāt move)
You can do all this over WiFi.
Itās worth noting that under/over extrusion can depend strongly on a number of factors:
- a slightly clogged nozzle
- a worn nozzle
- Print temperature (lower temps tend to result in under extrusion)
- Filament type (best temperature varies from manufacturer to manufacturer)
- Filament diameter (cheaper filaments can have varying diameters)
Speaking of clogged nozzles, I found quite a bit of dirt in mine when I pulled it. It made me realise that leaving your filament on the machine for days will allow it to collect dust that goes - thatās right - into the hotend. Dust in the hotend will both partly clog it and abrade it over time, changing its extrusion profile. This can be misleading because the hotend will initially underextrude because of the dust in it, but then return to normal as the dust gets pushed out (assuming the hotend doesnāt get totally clogged).
Also, when changing from a higher temperature material to a lower one, heat the hotend to the highest temperature used for the higer temperature material. If you donāt get it hot enough, any remaining higher temperature plastic will just stay in the hotend. Ideally, you should have a different hotend for each material that you print with.